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Complete Guide 2026

Complete JLR Key Programming Guide

Everything you need to know about programming keys for Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles. From basics to advanced techniques, troubleshooting tips, and professional best practices.

15+

Topics Covered

2010+

Models Supported

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Key programming for Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) vehicles has evolved significantly over the years. Whether you're an automotive locksmith, dealership technician, or independent shop owner, understanding the intricacies of JLR key programming is essential for providing efficient service to your customers. This comprehensive guide covers everything from basic concepts to advanced troubleshooting techniques.

1 What is JLR Key Programming?

JLR key programming refers to the process of synchronizing a new or replacement key with a Jaguar or Land Rover vehicle's immobilizer system. This security feature prevents the engine from starting unless a properly coded key is detected.

Modern JLR vehicles use sophisticated encryption and authentication protocols to ensure only authorized keys can start the vehicle. The programming process involves writing the correct codes to both the key and the vehicle's electronic control modules.

Key Components Involved

Transponder Key/Fob

Contains a microchip that communicates with the vehicle's immobilizer system via radio frequency.

RFA Module

Remote Function Actuator - controls keyless entry and key synchronization on many JLR models.

BCM (Body Control Module)

Central electronic module that manages various vehicle functions including immobilizer communication.

OBD-II Port

Diagnostic interface used to communicate with vehicle systems during the programming process.

2 Types of JLR Keys

Understanding the different types of keys used in Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles is crucial for proper programming. Lock50 supports multiple key types including Change ID keys, OEM UWB keys, OEM Non-UWB keys, and Fixed ID aftermarket keys. Each key type has specific requirements and programming procedures.

Change ID Keys (KVM/RFA Systems)

Change ID keys are specialized keys designed for programming when the KVM (Keyless Vehicle Module) or RFA (Remote Function Actuator) module is locked and you cannot add keys via OBD. These keys allow you to write new security data directly to the module using Lock50.

Change ID Key Models:

HW05-A Lock50 Change ID Key

HW05-A

433MHz EU/ROW

2010-2021

HW06-A Lock50 Change ID Key

HW06-A

315MHz USA/CAN

2010-2021

HW13 Lock50 Change ID Key

HW13

433MHz EU/ROW

2017-2025+

HW14 Lock50 Change ID Key

HW14

315MHz USA/CAN

2017-2025+

Change ID keys use PCF7953 (HW05/06) or NCF29A1 (HW13/14) chips and are essential for locked KVM/RFA modules

KVM/RFA Locked Modules All Keys Lost Direct Copy

OEM UWB Keys (Ultra-Wideband PEPS)

OEM Ultra-Wideband (UWB) keys are factory original keys that support the latest PEPS technology with true hands-free keyless entry. These keys work with 2017+ vehicles equipped with UWB systems and provide full functionality including remote start, proximity detection, and all button functions.

OEM UWB Key Models:

HW21 SVO OEM Key

HW21

SVO 433MHz

HW22 SVO OEM Key

HW22

SVO 315MHz

HW23 Jaguar OEM Key

HW23

Jaguar 433MHz

HW24 Jaguar OEM Key

HW24

Jaguar 315MHz

HW25 Land Rover OEM Key

HW25

Land Rover 433MHz

HW26 Land Rover OEM Key

HW26

Land Rover 315MHz

All OEM UWB keys feature NCF29A1 chips and support complete hands-free functionality

Full UWB Support Factory Quality All Features

OEM Non-UWB Keys

OEM Non-UWB keys are original factory keys designed for vehicles without Ultra-Wideband technology. These keys provide standard PEPS functionality with remote lock/unlock and push-button start, but do not support the advanced proximity detection features of UWB systems.

OEM Non-UWB Key Models:

LOCK50 HW15 JLR OEM PSFOB NON-UWB NFC29A1 433 Land rover

HW15

433MHz Non-UWB

LOCK50 HW16 JLR OEM PSFOB NON-UWB NFC29A1 315 Land rover

HW16

315MHz Non-UWB

LOCK50 HW19 JLR OEM PSFOB NON-UWB NFC29A1 433 Land rover

HW19

Land Rover 433MHz

HW20 OEM Non-UWB Key

HW20

Jaguar 315MHz

OEM Non-UWB keys use NCF29A1 chips and work with standard PEPS systems (non-UWB)

Standard PEPS Factory Original Non-UWB Systems

Fixed ID Non-OEM Keys (Aftermarket)

Fixed ID aftermarket keys are cost-effective alternatives for adding keys to dump files or unlocked modules. These non-OEM keys do NOT support UWB systems but work well for standard PEPS applications when programmed correctly with Lock50.

Fixed ID Non-OEM Models:

HW17 Fixed ID Key

HW17

433MHz Non-OEM

NO UWB
HW18 Fixed ID Key

HW18

315MHz Non-OEM

NO UWB

Important: Fixed ID keys (HW17/HW18) cannot work with UWB PEPS systems. Use OEM UWB keys for 2017+ vehicles with UWB.

Cost-Effective No UWB Support Aftermarket

Emergency Key Blade

Hidden within all modern smart key fobs, the emergency key blade provides mechanical access to the vehicle when the battery is dead or the electronic system fails. This blade can manually unlock the driver's door and requires only physical cutting - no electronic programming needed.

Backup Access No Programming Required Mechanical Only

Complete JLR Key Type Reference

For detailed specifications, frequency information, and images of all 12 supported JLR key models (OEM and Non-OEM), visit our comprehensive key types page.

View All Key Types & Images

3 Traditional vs Modern Programming Methods

The method you use for JLR key programming significantly impacts your time, costs, and risk factors. Here's a detailed comparison between traditional module swapping and modern OBD programming solutions.

Traditional Method

Module Swapping / Bench Programming

  • Time Required: 2-4 hours per job
  • Risk Factor: High - module damage possible
  • Equipment Cost: Multiple tools needed
  • Skill Level: Advanced disassembly required

Lock50 Method

Direct OBD Programming

  • Time Required: 5-10 minutes per job
  • Risk Factor: Zero - no disassembly
  • Equipment Cost: Single tool solution
  • Skill Level: Beginner-friendly interface
Learn About Lock50

4 Step-by-Step JLR Key Programming Guide

Follow this detailed guide to program keys for Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles using the Lock50 tool. These instructions apply to most JLR models from 2010 onwards.

Before You Begin

  • Lock50 device and software installed
  • Vehicle battery fully charged
  • New key(s) ready for programming
  • Laptop with internet connection
1

Connect the Lock50 Device

Locate the OBD-II diagnostic port in the vehicle (typically under the dashboard on the driver's side). Connect the Lock50 device to this port. The device LED should illuminate, indicating a successful connection.

Tip: Ensure ignition is OFF when connecting the device
2

Launch the Lock50 Software

Open the Lock50 software on your laptop. The software will automatically detect the connected device and establish communication with the vehicle's systems. Select your vehicle make, model, and year from the menu.

3

Read Vehicle Security Data

Click "Read Security Data" to extract the necessary information from the vehicle's immobilizer system. This process takes approximately 30-60 seconds. The software will display the current key count and system status.

4

Add New Key

Select "Add Key" and follow the on-screen prompts. Place the new key in the designated programming position (usually the ignition or key slot). The software will guide you through the authentication and coding process.

5

Test the New Key

Once programming is complete, test all key functions: remote lock/unlock, keyless entry proximity, push-button start, and emergency blade access. Document the job and provide the customer with any necessary instructions.

Success! The new key is now programmed and ready for use.
Lock50 HW04 Advanced Methods

Complete Lock50 HW04 Key Programming Methods

Comprehensive breakdown of all Lock50 HW04 tool family methods for copying and adding keys to Jaguar Land Rover vehicles

Method 1 Simplest Method

Direct Key-to-Key Copy

The simplest method when you already have a working original key. Connect the key to the HW04 cradle and use the Key Copy function in the tool's software.

How It Works

  • Place original key on Lock50 HW04 reader wirelessly
  • Tool reads transponder data from original key
  • Writes data to new Lock50-compatible key
  • No vehicle connection required

Supported Keys

  • HW05/HW06 Change ID keys (2010-2021 KVM)
  • HW13/HW14 2017+ RFA or BCM systems
  • HW11/HW12 Standard keys

IMPORTANT: This method ONLY works for UNLOCKED keys. If your original key or vehicle modules are locked, you must use Method 2 (Dump Files) or Method 3 (Adapter Methods) instead.

Best Use Cases

Damaged Key Duplication: Original key is physically damaged but still functional - copy to new key before complete failure

Backup Key Creation: Customer has working key and wants spare - fastest method without vehicle connection

Partially Working Keys: Key works intermittently due to worn buttons or weak battery - copy to fresh key device

Quick Turnaround: When you need fastest solution and don't have access to vehicle (key-only service)

When NOT to Use This Method

Locked Keys: Original key is locked by manufacturer or previous programming - will fail

All Keys Lost: No working original key to copy from - must use dump file methods instead

Locked Vehicle Modules: Vehicle KVM/RFA/BCM is locked and prevents key duplication

Dead Transponder: Key transponder chip completely dead - cannot read data wirelessly

Alternative: If this method doesn't work, use Method 2 (MCU Dump Files) or Method 3 (Adapter Connection) for locked systems.

Method 2 Advanced Recovery

Copy Keys via MCU Dump Files

Uses memory dumps from vehicle modules (RFA/KVM/BCM/ALM). Load dump files into Lock50 HW04 to copy existing keys or generate new keys from dump data. Note: Lock50 does not read MCU chips directly - use any chip programming tool to extract dumps.

KVM Dumps

2010-2021 Models

Use HW05/HW06 Change ID Keys

Full-function keys: RF + remote + emergency start

KVM Types
DPLA FK72 HPLA

Can be done on bench (2010-2021)

BCM Dumps

2017+ Vehicles

Use HW13/HW14 Keys

Emergency start only (limited functionality)

BCM Types
L8B2 M8B2 R8B2

In-vehicle only (2020+ security)

RFA Dumps

2017-2025+ Models

Copy: HW13/HW14
Add: HW17/HW18 or OEM

All PEPS UWB or non-UWB RFA Dflash dumps supported

When to Use

All PEPS UWB or non-UWB RFA Dflash dumps supported 2017-2025+

REQUIREMENT: RFA must be UNLOCKED to read Dflash for copying or adding keys via this method

Bench possible (2017-2025+ only)

Key Benefits
  • ✓ Key creation even if original key is lost entirely
  • ✓ Doesn't require on-vehicle programming (bench work possible for older models)
  • ✓ Works when car or module is damaged and other methods fail
Method 3 Multiple Adapters

HW04 + Adapter Methods (OBD / CAN / RFA)

Lock50 HW04 supports multiple adapter-assisted methods depending on vehicle state and module lock status.

a) OBD via HW03D Cable

Standard OBD-II Port Connection

OBD Cable Options:
HW03-D OBD Cable

HW03-D

Standard OBD-II

HW03-E DOIP Ethernet Cable

HW03-E

DOIP Ethernet (2020+)

When KVM is Locked:
  • Use HW05/HW06 Change ID keys only
  • Clone keys process onto change ID keys
When KVM is Unlocked:
  • Use any OEM or non-OEM keys
  • Add additional keys directly via PEPS

b) CAN Wires via HW03B Adapter

Direct CAN Network Access

CAN Wires Adapters:
HW03-B CAN Wires Adapter

HW03-B

CAN Network

HW03-C Duplicator Adapter

HW03-C

M2 Kit (KVM 2010-2020)

Direct CAN network connection - ideal for ARM OFF special function when vehicle alarm is active. Offers easy CAN2 wires access without soldering required.

Key Advantages:
  • ARM OFF Function: Activate special function to disable alarm system when vehicle is in alarm state
  • No Soldering Required: Easy plug-and-play connection to CAN2 wires - no technical soldering skills needed
  • Bypass BCM Restrictions: Access CAN2 network directly when BCM blocks OBD communication on CAN1
Perfect When:
  • Car alarm is active and preventing OBD access
  • BCM has blocked standard OBD communication
  • Working with KVM system vehicles (2010-2020)
  • Need quick CAN2 connection without wire modifications

c) RFA Direct via HW03C Adapter

Direct Module Connection for UWB

RFA Direct Connection Adapter:
HW03-C Duplicator Adapter

HW03-C

M1 + F1 Cables Kit

RFA System (2017-2025+)

Direct connection to RFA module for UWB/PEPS vehicles (2017-2025+). Works even when RFA is locked - creates fully working keyless entry keys with HW13/HW14.

Works with Locked RFA Modules:

Unlike other methods that fail when RFA is locked, HW03C adapter with M1 + F1 cables provides direct module access to create fully functional keyless keys.

Creates Fully Working Keyless Keys:
  • Use HW13/HW14 key types for complete keyless entry
  • Full PEPS (Passive Entry Passive Start) functionality
  • Remote keyless entry and proximity unlock
  • Emergency start function included
When Required:
  • UWB/PEPS vehicles (2017-2025+)
  • RFA module is LOCKED
  • Need fully working keyless key
What You Get:
  • Bypass RFA lock restrictions
  • Complete UWB keyless entry
  • No module unlocking needed
Method 4 New Unique Keys

Add Key (Program New Key into Vehicle)

Different from copy, this adds a new unique key to the vehicle's immobilizer memory. The key will have its own unique ID registered in the vehicle system.

Add Key via OBD

Access Method:

Use PEPS System → Add Additional Passive Key function through OBD port

Requirements:
  • Vehicle modules (RFA/KVM/BCM) must be unlocked
  • For 2020+ vehicles with locked modules: 2 working keys required

Best for: Adding spare keys to unlocked systems

Add Key via Dump File

Process:

Load a module dump (KVM or RFA) into HW04 and program new keys with unique IDs

Supported Keys:
  • HW17/HW18 Most popular fixed ID keys
  • OEM Keys Original equipment manufacturer keys

Coverage: Supported across vehicles up to 2025+

Copy vs. Add - What's the Difference?
  • Copy: Duplicates existing key ID - multiple keys share same transponder code
  • Add: Creates new unique key ID - each key has individual transponder code in system memory

Important Notes & Considerations

Locked BCM/RFA Modules

Most basic OBD/BUS methods won't work if modules are fully locked. That's where SW36 duplicator and dump methods excel. Always check module lock status before choosing method.

UWB/PEPS Systems

Advanced keyless systems (2017+) often require UWB support to fully copy remote and keyless functions. Use HW03C adapter for direct RFA connection on these vehicles.

Model Year Restrictions

2020+ vehicles with updated security may require in-vehicle programming only. Bench programming possible for 2010-2020 models with compatible module types (DPLA, FK72, HPLA).

Security Requirements

Some locked BCM/RFA configurations (L8B2, M8B2, R8B2) require two working keys to add additional keys. Always verify vehicle security status before starting.

5 Common Issues & Troubleshooting

Even with the best tools, you may encounter occasional issues during JLR key programming. Here are the most common problems and their solutions.

Communication Error with Vehicle

Symptom: Software cannot establish connection with vehicle systems.

Solution:

  • • Check OBD-II connection is secure
  • • Ensure vehicle battery is above 12V
  • • Try turning ignition to position 2 (accessories on)
  • • Restart software and reconnect device

Key Not Recognized After Programming

Symptom: New key shows as programmed but vehicle doesn't recognize it.

Solution:

  • • Replace battery in new key fob
  • • Perform key synchronization procedure
  • • Delete and re-program the key
  • • Check key is compatible with vehicle model year

Remote Functions Not Working

Symptom: Key starts vehicle but remote lock/unlock doesn't function.

Solution:

  • • Re-sync remote by pressing lock/unlock sequence
  • • Check RF module function in diagnostics
  • • Ensure correct frequency key is being used (315MHz vs 433MHz)
  • • Test with known working key to rule out vehicle issue

Maximum Key Limit Reached

Symptom: System shows maximum keys already programmed.

Solution:

  • • Delete unused/lost keys from system
  • • Most JLR vehicles support 8 keys maximum
  • • Use "Delete All Keys" then reprogram all working keys
  • • Contact Lock50 support for advanced procedures

Key Detected But Won't Start Engine

Key unlocks doors and is recognized but engine won't authorize start

Common Symptoms

  • • Key fob unlocks/locks doors normally
  • • Dashboard shows "Key Not Detected" during start attempt
  • • Engine cranks but won't start
  • • Immobilizer light stays on constantly

Solutions

1. BCM Synchronization Required

BCM may not be synchronized with KVM/RFA. Perform BCM sync procedure through PEPS Options menu.

2. Verify Transponder Chip Presence

Check that transponder chip is properly seated in key blade. Some keys have removable transponder chips that can fall out.

3. Run Anti-Theft Relearn

Perform complete immobilizer relearn cycle: Turn ignition ON for 10 minutes, OFF for 5 seconds, repeat 3 times.

4. Check Immobilizer Status via Diagnostics

Use diagnostic tool to read immobilizer status codes. Look for "Authentication Failed" or "Key Not Learned" DTCs.

Programming Timeout / Incomplete Process

Process starts but times out or freezes before completion

Battery Power Issues

Programming draws significant power. Voltage drop below 11.8V causes timeout.

Fix: Always use battery maintainer or charger during programming. Verify 12.5V+ before starting.

CAN Bus Interference

Other OBD devices or modules interfering with communication.

Fix: Remove all other OBD devices (dash cams, GPS trackers). Disconnect aftermarket alarms temporarily.

Vehicle Sleep Mode

Vehicle enters sleep mode after 10-15 minutes of inactivity.

Fix: Keep door cracked open or press button periodically. Some vehicles need ignition cycled every 10 min.

Module Faults

Existing DTC codes in RFA/KVM/BCM preventing programming.

Fix: Read and clear all DTCs before programming. Resolve any module communication errors first.

KVM/RFA/BCM Module Not Responding

Cannot establish communication with vehicle security modules

Diagnostic Steps:

1

Check Module Power Supply

Verify fuse integrity (Fuse 17 for BCM, Fuse 20 for RFA). Check voltage at module connector.

2

Test CAN Network Communication

Use multimeter to verify CAN-H (2.5-3.5V) and CAN-L (1.5-2.5V) voltage levels on OBD pins 6 and 14.

3

Module Reset Procedure

Disconnect battery for 5 minutes, remove/refit relevant fuses, reconnect battery and wait 2 minutes before retry.

4

Check for Water Damage

Inspect module for corrosion or water ingress. Common on RFA modules located in roof/trunk areas.

Still Having Issues?

Our technical support team is available to help you resolve any programming challenges.

Contact Support

6 Frequently Asked Questions

Get answers to the most commonly asked questions about JLR key programming.

7 Professional Best Practices

Follow these industry best practices to ensure successful key programming and build a reputation for reliable, professional service.

Always Verify Vehicle Information

Before starting any job, confirm the VIN, model year, and key type required. This prevents ordering wrong parts and ensures compatibility with your programming equipment.

Check Battery Voltage First

Ensure the vehicle battery is above 12V before programming. Low voltage can cause communication errors and failed programming attempts. Use a battery maintainer for longer jobs.

Backup Security Data

Always save a backup of the vehicle's security data before making changes. This provides a safety net in case something goes wrong during the programming process.

Document Every Job

Keep detailed records including VIN, key serial numbers, before/after key counts, and any issues encountered. This helps with warranty claims and return customers.

Keep Software Updated

Regularly check for and install software updates. Updates often include support for new vehicle models, bug fixes, and improved programming algorithms.

Test All Functions

After programming, test every key function: start/stop, remote lock/unlock, panic button, and keyless entry proximity. Don't hand over keys until everything works perfectly.

Comprehensive Testing

Test all key functions before customer delivery: lock, unlock, trunk, panic, engine start, and proximity detection. Verify all existing keys still work.

Always Backup EEPROM

Create EEPROM backup before any programming operation, especially when working with KVM/RFA modules. Store with VIN and date. This allows recovery if programming fails.

Maintain Stable Voltage

Use battery maintainer for all programming operations. Verify 12.5V+ before starting, never allow voltage to drop below 11.8V during process. This prevents module corruption.

BCM Sync After Programming

Always perform BCM synchronization after KVM/RFA programming to ensure all modules communicate properly. Prevents "Key Not Detected" issues during engine start.

Clear DTCs Before & After

Read and clear all diagnostic codes before programming. Check for new codes after completion. Document any persistent codes that may indicate hardware issues.

Verify Module Lock Status

Check if RFA/KVM/BCM modules are locked before choosing programming method. Locked modules require different approaches (SW28, SW36, or dump files) than unlocked systems.

UWB Keys Need Extra Time

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) key programming takes 5-10 minutes vs 2-3 minutes for RF keys. Don't rush the process or disconnect early. UWB systems have enhanced security protocols.

Critical Do's and Don'ts

Always Do:

  • Create EEPROM backup before programming operations
  • Use battery maintainer to ensure stable 12.5V+ voltage
  • Test all key functions before customer delivery
  • Document key IDs, VIN, and programming date
  • Verify all existing keys still work after programming
  • Check module lock status before choosing method
  • Perform BCM synchronization after KVM/RFA work
  • Wait for complete "Success" message before disconnecting

Never Do:

  • Disconnect power during write/programming operation
  • Skip pre-programming voltage checks (must be 12.5V+)
  • Program in extreme temperatures (below 0°C or above 45°C)
  • Rush through verification steps or skip testing
  • Leave other OBD devices connected during programming
  • Ignore existing DTC codes before starting
  • Use damaged or corroded cables/connectors
  • Attempt bench programming on 2020+ locked modules

Pro Tip: Build Your JLR Expertise

Specializing in JLR key programming can set you apart from competitors. These vehicles are increasingly common, and many shops avoid them due to complexity. With the right tools like Lock50, you can become the go-to expert in your area and command premium pricing for your specialized knowledge.

Get Started with Lock50